Isometric force complexity may not fully originate from the nervous system
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Isometric force complexity may not fully originate from the nervous system. / Raffalt, Peter C; Yentes, Jennifer M; Spedden, Meaghan Elizabeth.
I: Human Movement Science, Bind 90, 103111, 2023.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Isometric force complexity may not fully originate from the nervous system
AU - Raffalt, Peter C
AU - Yentes, Jennifer M
AU - Spedden, Meaghan Elizabeth
N1 - Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - In humans and animals, spatial and temporal information from the nervous system are translated into muscle force enabling movements of body segments. To gain deeper understanding of this translation of information into movements, we investigated the motor control dynamics of isometric contractions in children, adolescents, young adults and older adults. Twelve children, thirteen adolescents, fourteen young adults, and fifteen older adults completed two minutes of submaximal isometric plantar- and dorsiflexion. Simultaneously, sensorimotor cortex EEG, tibialis anterior and soleus EMG and plantar- and dorsiflexion force was recorded. Surrogate analysis suggested that all signals were from a deterministic origin. Multiscale entropy analysis revealed an inverted U-shape relationship between age and complexity for the force but not for the EEG and EMG signals. This suggests that temporal information in from the nervous system is modulated by the musculoskeletal system during the transmission into force. The entropic half-life analyses indicated that this modulation increases the time scale of the temporal dependency in the force signal compared to the neural signals. Together this indicates that the information embedded in produced force does not exclusively reflect the information embedded in the underlying neural signal.
AB - In humans and animals, spatial and temporal information from the nervous system are translated into muscle force enabling movements of body segments. To gain deeper understanding of this translation of information into movements, we investigated the motor control dynamics of isometric contractions in children, adolescents, young adults and older adults. Twelve children, thirteen adolescents, fourteen young adults, and fifteen older adults completed two minutes of submaximal isometric plantar- and dorsiflexion. Simultaneously, sensorimotor cortex EEG, tibialis anterior and soleus EMG and plantar- and dorsiflexion force was recorded. Surrogate analysis suggested that all signals were from a deterministic origin. Multiscale entropy analysis revealed an inverted U-shape relationship between age and complexity for the force but not for the EEG and EMG signals. This suggests that temporal information in from the nervous system is modulated by the musculoskeletal system during the transmission into force. The entropic half-life analyses indicated that this modulation increases the time scale of the temporal dependency in the force signal compared to the neural signals. Together this indicates that the information embedded in produced force does not exclusively reflect the information embedded in the underlying neural signal.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Isometric force
KW - Nonlinear dynamics
KW - Neural activity
KW - Motor control
U2 - 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103111
DO - 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103111
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37327749
VL - 90
JO - Human Movement Science
JF - Human Movement Science
SN - 0167-9457
M1 - 103111
ER -
ID: 357730875