Genetic and geographic structure of an insect resistant and a susceptible type of Barbarea vulgaris in western Europe
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Genetic and geographic structure of an insect resistant and a susceptible type of Barbarea vulgaris in western Europe. / Hauser, Thure Pavlo; Toneatto, Fiorello; Nielsen, Jens Kvist.
In: Evolutionary Ecology, Vol. 26, No. 3, 2012, p. 611-624.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic and geographic structure of an insect resistant and a susceptible type of Barbarea vulgaris in western Europe
AU - Hauser, Thure Pavlo
AU - Toneatto, Fiorello
AU - Nielsen, Jens Kvist
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Abstract Interactions between herbivores and plants are believed to have been important drivers of biodiversity. However, to drive an initial resistance divergence into different evolutionary lineages and taxa, these interactions have probably been embedded in other processes of divergence, like allopatric isolation. The cruciferous plant Barbarea vulgaris ssp. arcuata occurs in Denmark in two types: one (G) is resistant to most genotypes of the flea beetle Phyllotreta nemorum, the other (P) is susceptible. The two types additionally differ in hairiness and glucosinolates, they are genetically strongly divergent, and reproduction between them is reduced. To determine whether the two plant types and their resistance polymorphisms are also present outside Denmark, and to understand how they have evolved, we analysed 33 European populations of B. vulgaris for resistance, hairiness, glucosinolates, and microsatellite markers. Most populations had traits indicative of the G type, including the already characterized Danish G populations. In contrast, only two populations outside Denmark were of the P type; one from northern Sweden and one from Estonia. Genetically, the G populations formed two genetic clusters that were strongly divergent from a genetic cluster containing P populations. A fourth genetic cluster, which contained only a single population and no Danish plants, belonged morphologically to the subspecies ssp. vulgaris. The divergence found in Denmark between a resistant G and a susceptible P type is thus part of a larger divergence in Europe. Judging from the trait correlations, genetic divergence, and partial reproductive incompatibility, the plant types must have been isolated from each other for quite some time. The two P populations outside Denmark came from the north and east, suggesting a more eastern distribution. If so, resistant and susceptible types could have diverged during the ice age and later met in Scandinavia. However, more samples from Eastern Europe are needed to clarify this.
AB - Abstract Interactions between herbivores and plants are believed to have been important drivers of biodiversity. However, to drive an initial resistance divergence into different evolutionary lineages and taxa, these interactions have probably been embedded in other processes of divergence, like allopatric isolation. The cruciferous plant Barbarea vulgaris ssp. arcuata occurs in Denmark in two types: one (G) is resistant to most genotypes of the flea beetle Phyllotreta nemorum, the other (P) is susceptible. The two types additionally differ in hairiness and glucosinolates, they are genetically strongly divergent, and reproduction between them is reduced. To determine whether the two plant types and their resistance polymorphisms are also present outside Denmark, and to understand how they have evolved, we analysed 33 European populations of B. vulgaris for resistance, hairiness, glucosinolates, and microsatellite markers. Most populations had traits indicative of the G type, including the already characterized Danish G populations. In contrast, only two populations outside Denmark were of the P type; one from northern Sweden and one from Estonia. Genetically, the G populations formed two genetic clusters that were strongly divergent from a genetic cluster containing P populations. A fourth genetic cluster, which contained only a single population and no Danish plants, belonged morphologically to the subspecies ssp. vulgaris. The divergence found in Denmark between a resistant G and a susceptible P type is thus part of a larger divergence in Europe. Judging from the trait correlations, genetic divergence, and partial reproductive incompatibility, the plant types must have been isolated from each other for quite some time. The two P populations outside Denmark came from the north and east, suggesting a more eastern distribution. If so, resistant and susceptible types could have diverged during the ice age and later met in Scandinavia. However, more samples from Eastern Europe are needed to clarify this.
KW - ???Modstandsdygtighed mod sygdomme???
KW - Evolutionary divergence Plant-herbivore interactions Allopatry
U2 - 10.1007/s10682-011-9515-5
DO - 10.1007/s10682-011-9515-5
M3 - Journal article
VL - 26
SP - 611
EP - 624
JO - Evolutionary Ecology
JF - Evolutionary Ecology
SN - 0269-7653
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 35232548