TY - JOUR

T1 - Sleep and perivascular spaces in the middle-aged and elderly population

AU - Lysen, Thom S.

AU - Yilmaz, Pinar

AU - Dubost, Florian

AU - Ikram, M. Arfan

AU - de Bruijne, Marleen

AU - Vernooij, Meike W.

AU - Luik, Annemarie I.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Sleep has been hypothesised to facilitate waste clearance from the brain. We aimed to determine whether sleep is associated with perivascular spaces on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a potential marker of impaired brain waste clearance, in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and elderly people. In 559 participants (mean [SD] age 62 [6] years, 52% women) from the population-based Rotterdam Study, we measured total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset and sleep efficiency with actigraphy and polysomnography. Perivascular space load was determined with brain MRI in four regions (centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and midbrain) via a validated machine learning algorithm using T2-weighted MR images. Associations between sleep characteristics and perivascular space load were analysed with zero-inflated negative binomial regression models adjusted for various confounders. We found that higher actigraphy-estimated sleep efficiency was associated with a higher perivascular space load in the centrum semiovale (odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.16, p = 0.0008). No other actigraphic or polysomnographic sleep characteristics were associated with perivascular space load in other brain regions. We conclude that, contrary to our hypothesis, associations of sleep with perivascular space load in this middle-aged and elderly population remained limited to an association of a high actigraphy-estimated sleep efficiency with a higher perivascular space load in the centrum semiovale.

AB - Sleep has been hypothesised to facilitate waste clearance from the brain. We aimed to determine whether sleep is associated with perivascular spaces on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a potential marker of impaired brain waste clearance, in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and elderly people. In 559 participants (mean [SD] age 62 [6] years, 52% women) from the population-based Rotterdam Study, we measured total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset and sleep efficiency with actigraphy and polysomnography. Perivascular space load was determined with brain MRI in four regions (centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and midbrain) via a validated machine learning algorithm using T2-weighted MR images. Associations between sleep characteristics and perivascular space load were analysed with zero-inflated negative binomial regression models adjusted for various confounders. We found that higher actigraphy-estimated sleep efficiency was associated with a higher perivascular space load in the centrum semiovale (odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.16, p = 0.0008). No other actigraphic or polysomnographic sleep characteristics were associated with perivascular space load in other brain regions. We conclude that, contrary to our hypothesis, associations of sleep with perivascular space load in this middle-aged and elderly population remained limited to an association of a high actigraphy-estimated sleep efficiency with a higher perivascular space load in the centrum semiovale.

KW - community-dwelling

KW - epidemiology

KW - glymphatic

KW - paravascular

KW - Virchow-Robin

KW - VRS

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115253436&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/jsr.13485

DO - 10.1111/jsr.13485

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34549850

AN - SCOPUS:85115253436

VL - 31

SP - 1-*

JO - Journal of Sleep Research

JF - Journal of Sleep Research

SN - 1365-2869

IS - 2

M1 - e13485

ER -